The predecessors of the first computers were electromechanical tabulators and calculating-analytical machines (CAM), in which the main element for input and processing of data was the punch card. These devices encoded information using holes in punch cards, creating a basis for automatic calculations. Before the advent of digital electronics, such machines were indispensable where processing large amounts of records was required.

The PD-45-2 punch card was produced in the USSR at specialized enterprises for the repair and production of computing technology, in particular: at the Mogilev plant for preparing primary information (Mogilev, Byelorussian SSR), Tbilisi plant for the repair of computing technology (Tbilisi, Georgian SSR), and the calculating-analytical machine plant in Penza from 1948 to 1961.

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